Information for Authors

1. ABOUT THE JOURNAL

Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences is a diamond open access, peer-reviewed scientific journal published quarterly and is the official academic publication of Bakirkoy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry, Neurology, and Neurosurgery.

The journal covers a broad range of topics spanning psychiatry, neurology, psychology, and neuroscience, integrating clinical, biological, and psychosocial perspectives to advance understanding of mental health and brain sciences.

No submission or publication charges are required from authors.

2. OPEN ACCESS, COPYRIGHT AND ARCHIVING POLICY

All published content is available online, free of charge.

All articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution–NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. This license allows others to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for non-commercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator.

Authors retain the copyright of their articles without restrictions. By submitting a manuscript, authors grant the journal the right of first publication under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license. All authors are required to complete and sign the Copyright Transfer Form during submission

Authors are free to:

• Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format.
• Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material.

These freedoms cannot be revoked as long as the license terms are followed.

Under the following terms:

• Attribution — appropriate credit must be given, a link to the license provided, and any changes indicated.
• NonCommercial — the material may not be used for commercial purposes.
• No additional restrictions — no legal or technological measures may be applied that restrict others from doing anything the license permits.

The content may be used as a reference in scientific publications and presentations in accordance with the CC BY-NC 4.0 license. For uses beyond the scope of this license, please contact the Editorial Office.

This journal supports the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) archiving policy. Authors may archive the published version (publisher PDF) in institutional or subject repositories in accordance with the CC BY-NC 4.0 license terms. Pre-review and post-review drafts cannot be archived. For detailed archiving permissions, please refer to the archive policy entry or contact the Editorial Office.

3. EDITORIAL POLICIES AND WORKFLOW

3.1. General Principles

The editorial and publication processes of Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences are conducted in accordance with the highest standards of publication ethics and integrity, following the recommendations and guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE), the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE), the World Association of Medical Journal Editors (WAME), the European Association of Science Editors (EASE), and the Council of Science Editors (CSE).

Manuscripts that have not been previously published or are not under consideration elsewhere are eligible for evaluation, provided that all listed authors approve the final version of the submission.

The Editor-in-Chief and Deputy Editors are responsible for maintaining the scientific quality and ethical standards of the journal. Manuscripts are evaluated solely on academic merit, without regard to the ethnic origin, gender, sexual orientation, citizenship, religion, or political beliefs of the authors.

All research involving human participants or animals must include an ethics committee approval statement and comply with the Declaration of Helsinki.

Any potential conflicts of interest must be declared by authors, editors, and reviewers.

3.2. Ethical Publishing

Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences upholds the highest ethical standards in scientific publishing, adhering to the aforementioned international guidelines, including those set forth by COPE. Authors, reviewers, and editors are expected to act in accordance with these principles and to maintain integrity, transparency, and accountability throughout the publication process.

All submissions must be original, unpublished, and not under consideration by any other journal simultaneously. Submitted manuscripts may be screened using plagiarism detection software, and the overall similarity index is expected to remain below 25%, excluding references.

Plagiarism, data fabrication, falsification or manipulation of research data, tables, or images, as well as unethical use of human or animal subjects, constitute serious breaches of publication ethics. Manuscripts found to violate these principles will be rejected or removed from publication. In cases where ethical misconduct is identified after publication, the Editorial Board reserves the right to retract the article in accordance with COPE Retraction Guidelines.

3.2.1. Conflict of interest

Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences requires all authors to disclose any existing or potential conflicts of interest that may inappropriately influence, or be perceived to influence, their professional judgment or responsibilities.

Potential conflicts of interest include, but are not limited to, financial relationships (e.g., employment, consultancies, honoraria, stock ownership, paid expert testimony, or grants), academic or institutional affiliations, personal relationships, and intellectual property interests.

To ensure transparency, the corresponding author, on behalf of all authors, must declare any potential conflicts of interest at the time of submission. The corresponding author is responsible for verifying that all co-authors have disclosed any relevant financial or non-financial interests.

Authors must declare potential conflicts of interest in two ways:
i) by entering a declaration in the designated text box within the online submission system and completing the Declaration of Interest Form, which becomes part of the journal’s permanent record; and
ii) by including a brief “” statement on the title page of the manuscript.

All sources of financial and material support for the reported research, as well as the role of the funder (if any), must be clearly stated at the time of submission. If no conflicts exist, authors must include the statement: “The authors declare no conflicts of interest.”

If any potential conflict of interest involving the authors exists, the ICMJE Potential Conflict of Interest Disclosure Form must be duly completed and submitted by all contributing authors. These forms must be emailed to the Editorial Office at the time of submission.

The Editorial Board may reject or request revision of submissions that fail to meet these disclosure requirements.

3.2.2. Human and animal rights

Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences adheres to the ethical standards set out in the World Medical Association (WMA) Declaration of Helsinki – Ethical Principles For Medical Research Involving Human Subjects (revised 2003) and the WMA Statement on Animal Use in Biomedical Research (revised 2016).

For studies involving animals, authors must ensure that animal welfare is respected and must clearly describe the measures taken to prevent pain and suffering.

3.2.3. Ethics committee approval and informed consent

Approval from an institutional review board or a national/local ethics committee is mandatory for all studies involving human participants or animals. The approval number and date must be clearly stated in the Methods section of the manuscript, with the identity of the approving committee blinded where required. This information, along with the name of the approving committee, should also be entered in the Consent of Ethics / Ethical Approval field within the online submission system and included on the title page. Authors may be asked to submit the ethics committee approval letter or equivalent official documentation upon request.

For studies involving human participants, a statement confirming that informed consent was obtained prior to study inclusion must be provided. In studies involving minors, individuals under guardianship, or those lacking legal capacity, authors must indicate that consent was obtained from legal guardians or authorized representatives. For studies conducted in institutions requiring special permissions (e.g., correctional facilities), the relevant institutional approvals must also be stated in the manuscript.

For retrospective studies, it must be explicitly stated that the anonymity and confidentiality of human data were preserved. In all research articles and case presentations, information regarding informed consent must be included in the main document and indicated in the Consent of Patient field within the online submission system.

3.2.4. Use of artificial intelligence tools

At submission, authors must declare any use of artificial intelligence (AI)–assisted technologies (e.g., Large Language Models, chatbots, image generators) in the preparation of their work. The type, name, version, and purpose of the AI tool should be briefly described on the Title Page and stated above the References section.

AI tools must not be listed or cited as authors, as they cannot take responsibility for the accuracy or integrity of the work. Human authors are fully accountable for all content, including AI-assisted text, data, or images, and must ensure correctness, originality, and proper attribution. This policy follows the EASE Recommendations on the Use of AI in Scholarly Communication and the ICMJE Recommendations.

3.2.5. Inclusion and diversity in research

Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences encourages authors to follow Sex and Gender Equity in Research – SAGER – guidelines developed by the EASE when drafting their manuscripts. These guidelines aim to promote the diversity and inclusion of sex and gender considerations in research.

3.3 Preprint Policy Statement

Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences supports the rapid dissemination of scientific research and is committed to transparency in publishing. Manuscripts previously posted on recognized preprint servers are eligible for submission, provided they contain original content and have not undergone peer review elsewhere. Authors must disclose any prior preprint posting at the time of submission, including the name of the platform and the DOI or link to the preprint, and indicate this information on the title page. Following publication, authors are encouraged to update the preprint record and link the full published article, including its complete citation and DOI.

3.4. Authorship and Author’s Responsibilities

Individuals listed as authors must meet all of the following criteria recommended by the ICMJE: (i) substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work, or to the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; (ii) drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; (iii) final approval of the version to be published; and (iv) accountability for all aspects of the work, ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved.

Individuals who do not meet all authorship criteria but contribute in other ways (such as funding acquisition, data collection, technical support, or supervision) should be acknowledged in the Acknowledgement section. Ghostwriting or honorary authorship is not acceptable. The Author Contribution Form indicating each author’s role must accompany the submission. The order of authors should be determined jointly by all contributors.

Authorship changes after publication are not permitted. Authorship changes requested after submission but before publication, including the addition or removal of an author, are considered only under specific circumstances and handled in accordance with the COPE guidelines for authorship addition and authorship removal. The reason for the change must be stated, written consent from all authors obtained, and the Author Contribution Form updated. The Editor-in-Chief may suspend the editorial or review process until the issue is resolved.

Authors are responsible for ensuring that manuscripts comply with scientific and ethical standards and that the submitted work is original, unpublished, and not under consideration elsewhere.

Copyrighted material (such as tables, figures, or extended quotations) must be reproduced only with appropriate permission and acknowledgement. For quoted texts, tabulated data, or graphics from previously published works, authors are required to obtain permission from the copyright holder or the original author(s) of the source material and clearly indicate this permission within the manuscript.

All sources and contributions must be properly cited. All authors must disclose any financial relationships, conflicts of interest, or competing interests that could influence the research or its interpretation. Financial support, sponsorship, or project funding must be clearly stated.

Authors are expected to communicate with courtesy and professionalism in all correspondence related to their submission. All interactions with editors, reviewers, and journal staff must reflect respect, academic integrity, and adherence to the principles of scholarly communication.

3.5. Evaluation and Publication Process

The publication language of the journal is English and only manuscripts written in English will be considered for editorial and peer review.

Editors have the authority to conduct preliminary evaluations and may decide to reject submissions before peer review or request revisions when necessary. Manuscripts deemed suitable for peer review are evaluated in a double-blind process by at least two independent external experts, with the Editor-in-Chief and Deputy Editors holding the final decision authority.

The review process considers factors such as the relevance, methodological soundness, significance, novelty, originality, clarity, and quality of the language.

Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences does not accept formal appeals against editorial decisions. However, feedback from authors and reviewers is welcomed and considered in accordance with COPE guidelines. The journal does not allow any conflicts of interest between authors, reviewers, or editors.

The Editor-in-Chief holds the right to publish an erratum when required. When an author identifies a significant error or inaccuracy in their published work, they are obliged to cooperate promptly with the Editor-in-Chief to issue a corrigendum or retraction, as appropriate. If a substantial error, including serious ethical misconduct, is detected that cannot be remedied by an erratum or corrigendum, the Editor-in-Chief reserves the right to retract the article in accordance with the COPE Retraction Guidelines, with appropriate notification to the authors.

3.5.1. Peer review process

Double-blind peer review is employed in the journal, ensuring that both authors and reviewers remain anonymous throughout the evaluation process. All submissions undergo an initial assessment by the Editor-in-Chief or Deputy Editors to determine their suitability for the journal scope, originality, methodological rigor, and scientific quality. Manuscripts deemed appropriate are assigned to a Deputy or Associate Editor, who coordinates the peer review process.

Each manuscript is evaluated by at least two independent experts with relevant field expertise under the supervision of a handling editor. Reviewers are expected to provide objective and constructive feedback to support editorial decision-making and help authors improve their work. The handling editor reviews the reports and makes an editorial recommendation. When a revision is requested, reviewer comments and editorial feedback are shared with the authors, who are given a defined deadline to submit a revised version through the online system. After receiving the revised manuscript, the handling editor re-evaluates it and, when necessary, may initiate additional review rounds. A final recommendation is then submitted to the Editor-in-Chief or Deputy Editors, who make the final decision: acceptance, rejection, or further revision.

Authors are required to submit a detailed point-by-point rebuttal letter addressing each reviewer comment. Rebuttal letters must not include any author names or identifying information.

Manuscripts submitted by members of the editorial board are handled by an external and independent editor to ensure transparency and to avoid potential conflicts of interest.

Reviewers are required to maintain confidentiality, declare any potential conflicts of interest, and report suspected ethical misconduct such as plagiarism, data fabrication, or copyright infringement.

3.5.2. Editorial decision and post-acceptance process

After the peer-review process is completed, the Editor-in-Chief or Deputy Editors make the final publication decision based on the reviewers’ recommendations and the overall scientific merit of the manuscript. Once accepted, manuscripts undergo professional copyediting, proofreading, and layout editing to ensure accuracy and clarity. Authors receive galley proofs to verify and approve the final version before publication. The journal publishes four issues per year and provides early online access to accepted articles.

4. MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION AND SUBMISSION

4.1. Before Submission

Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences complies with the editorial and publication guidelines of the EASE. Authors are encouraged to follow the EASE Guidelines for Authors and Translators, which are freely available in multiple languages.

Before preparing a submission, authors are strongly advised to read the aims and scope of the journal carefully to ensure that the submitted work is consistent with the thematic and methodological focus of the journal.

Manuscripts should be prepared in accordance with the ICMJE Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals. Authors are also expected to follow the appropriate international reporting guidelines, including CONSORT for randomized controlled trials, STROBE for observational studies, STARD for diagnostic accuracy studies, PRISMA for systematic reviews and meta-analyses, ARRIVE for animal experiments, and CARE for clinical case presentations submitted as letters to the editor. Authors are also encouraged to consult the EQUATOR Network for comprehensive guidance on reporting standards.

Manuscripts should be written in clear, concise, and grammatically correct English. Authors whose first language is not English are strongly encouraged to seek professional editing services.

All measurements must be presented using the International System of Units (SI) to ensure consistency and comparability across studies. Authors should use metric units throughout the text, tables, and figures, and adhere to standard scientific conventions for symbols and abbreviations. The spelled-out term should be followed by the abbreviation in parentheses upon first mention, unless the abbreviation represents a standard unit of measurement.

The use of brand names or commercial product names for drugs, devices, or materials is not permitted; only generic names should be used.

4.2. Manuscript Organization and Format

Manuscripts should be prepared as a single Microsoft Word document. The anonymized main document must be arranged in the following order, with each section starting on a new page:

1. Title, abstract, and keywords,
2. Body text,
3. References, and
4. Tables, graphics, and/or figures.

All manuscript types except Letters to the Editor and Guest Editorials must include an abstract and keywords. Research Articles and Brief Reports should be structured under the following main headings: Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, and Conclusion. Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses should include the headings Introduction, Methods, Discussion, and Conclusion, with additional subheadings adapted to the content as appropriate.

Manuscripts must be prepared in 12-point Times New Roman, double-spaced, and left-justified throughout the entire text, including references, tables, and figure captions. All pages must be numbered consecutively in the lower right corner.

4.3. Manuscript Submission

Manuscripts must be submitted through the online submission and evaluation system available at eJManager. Submissions made via other means will not be considered for evaluation. Pre-submission inquiries are generally not required but may be accepted in specific cases at the discretion of the Editorial Office.

All submissions are initially checked by the Editorial Office for compliance with journal formatting and ethical standards. Manuscripts not meeting these requirements may be returned to the authors for technical revision before peer review, which may result in delays in the evaluation process.

During submission, authors must complete all mandatory fields in the eJManager system. Incomplete submissions will not proceed to the peer review process. The required information includes article type, full title, abstract, keywords, information for all authors (including ORCID ID and affiliation), patient consent and ethics committee approval details (if applicable), conflict of interest statement, funding information, and corresponding author details. The corresponding author is responsible for ensuring that all required information is entered accurately in the online submission system and that all necessary forms are completed and uploaded on behalf of all contributors.

Any supporting data or other required files, such as reporting checklists or additional tables and figures exceeding the stated limits, may be submitted as supplementary files.

The authors are required to suggest four potential peer reviewers during submission. The suggested reviewers must not be affiliated with the same institution as any of the authors and must have no conflict of interest.

The following documents must be prepared and uploaded at the time of submission:

• Cover letter
• Title page
• Main document (no author names or affiliations)
• Author Contribution Form
• Copyright Transfer Form
• Declaration of Interest Form

4.3.1. Cover letter

A cover letter is required for all submissions. It should introduce the manuscript to the editorial team in a concise and professional manner, emphasizing its relevance, originality, and contribution to the journal readership. The letter should briefly explain why the study fits within the journal scope and how it advances knowledge in the field. Authors may also use this opportunity to confirm that the manuscript has not been published or submitted elsewhere and that all authors have approved the submission. The cover letter must be limited to one page and signed by the corresponding author.

4.3.2. Title page

Essential title page information includes the full title, a short running head (maximum 50 characters), full names of all authors, their affiliations, ORCID identifiers, and complete contact details for the corresponding author (including postal address, phone number, and e-mail). It must also include declarations of interest, funding information, ethical committee approval details (if applicable), and acknowledgments.

Authors must state whether any AI–assisted technologies were used in preparing the manuscript. If applicable, the use of such tools should be described in detail in the Methods section.

The title should be non-declaratory, concise, and informative. Since titles are indexed in information retrieval systems, abbreviations and formulae should be avoided.

Please note that the title page is not shared with reviewers and must therefore be uploaded as a separate file through the online submission system.

4.3.3. Main document

The main document must not contain any author names, institutional affiliations, or identifying information to maintain the integrity of the double-blind peer review process. It should begin with the first page containing the title, abstract, and keywords.

4.3.3.1. Abstract and keywords

The abstract must not exceed 250 words and should be structured under the subheadings Objective, Method, Results, and Conclusion (excluding letters to the editor and guest editorials).

• Objective: State the main aim or purpose of the study.
• Method: Describe the study design, data sources, sample or subjects, assessments, and primary measures.
• Results: Summarize the key findings, emphasizing their relevance to clinical or scientific practice.
• Conclusion: Present the main outcomes and implications derived from the study. Three to five keywords should be listed directly below the abstract.

Keywords are recommended to align with the National Library of Medicine’s Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terminology. Since abstracts are indexed and searchable in electronic databases, authors must ensure that their abstract accurately reflects the content and significance of the article.

4.3.3.2. Body text

The Introduction should briefly outline the study background and rationale, highlight the research question, and clearly state the objectives and hypotheses. It should be focused and purpose-driven rather than a broad literature review. The Method section should detail the study design, data sources, participants or subjects, instruments or scales, assessments, and primary measures. The research process and statistical methods should be described in sufficient detail to allow replication. The Results section should present the findings of the study clearly and objectively. Primary outcomes should be summarized in the text and supported by appropriately designed tables, figures, or graphs where applicable. The Discussion section should interpret and contextualize the findings in relation to previous studies, highlighting both supporting and conflicting evidence. Authors should discuss the implications of the findings, possible explanations for discrepancies, and the strengths and limitations of the study. The Conclusion section should provide a concise summary of the main results, their clinical or scientific relevance, and potential directions for future research. It should clearly state the key takeaway message derived from the study.

4.3.3.3. References

References should be numbered in parentheses and listed in the order in which they appear in the text, under the heading “References” at the end of the manuscript. The reference style must follow the Vancouver format.

There should be no inconsistency between the numbering and the reference order. Authors are solely responsible for ensuring the accuracy and completeness of all references. When there are seven or more authors, list the first six followed by “et al.”

Abbreviations of journal names must comply with Medline/PubMed standards. Journals that are not indexed in Medline/PubMed should be written in full. Authors are encouraged to review previously published articles in the journal to ensure proper formatting and consistency when preparing the reference list.

4.3.3.4. Tables, graphics, and figures

Tables, graphics, and figures should be numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals (e.g., Table 1, Figure 1) according to the order in which they are cited in the text. Their approximate placement should be clearly indicated within the manuscript.

Tables should present information concisely and effectively, allowing data to be displayed with clarity and precision. Presenting data in tables rather than in the text often reduces the overall manuscript length. Each table must appear on a separate page with a descriptive title. Column or row headings should be short and specific, and any explanatory notes should be placed as footnotes—not within the heading. All nonstandard abbreviations and statistical measures of variation (e.g., standard deviation, standard error) should be defined in footnotes. Line spacing for tables should be double-spaced, and the maximum allowable size is 120 characters in width and 70 lines in length.

When materials such as tables, figures, or images are reproduced from another source, written permission from the copyright holder must be obtained, and the source must be appropriately cited in the text. Legends must be provided for all figures. Figure legends should be concise yet specific and must be listed together on a separate page at the end of the main manuscript text.

All figures should be submitted as separate high-quality digital files in JPEG format through the online submission system, in addition to being included at the end of the main document with their corresponding legends. Electronic images (e.g., photographs, radiographs, CT scans) must have a minimum resolution of 300 dpi to ensure print quality.

4.3.4. Author contribution form

This form must clearly specify the individual contributions of each author according to the ICMJE criteria. Each author should have participated in the conception, design, data acquisition, analysis, and/or interpretation, as well as in drafting or revising the manuscript and approving its final version. Authors who do not meet all authorship criteria should be listed in the acknowledgments section.

4.3.5. Copyright transfer form

This form confirms that the submitted manuscript is original, unpublished, and not under consideration elsewhere. It also verifies that all authors approve the submission and agree to transfer the copyright to Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences under the CC BY-NC 4.0 license. The form must be signed by all authors before publication.

4.3.6. Declaration of interest form

All authors must disclose any financial, institutional, or personal relationships that could be perceived as influencing the research. If no conflicts exist, this must be explicitly stated. The form also includes a section for declaring financial support or grants related to the study.

4.4. Manuscript Types

Dusunen Adam Journal of Psychiatry and Neurological Sciences accepts various types of submissions, including research articles, brief reports, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and letters to the editor. Guest editorials are accepted by invitation only. Authors are encouraged to select the manuscript type that best represents the scope, design, and contribution of their study. The specific structure, length, and formatting requirements for each manuscript type are detailed below.

4.4.1. Research articles

Research articles present substantial and original scientific findings within the scope of the journal. Each research article should contain an abstract, keywords, introduction, methods, results, discussion, conclusion, references, and tables or figures. The abstract and main text must follow the structured format described above. Ethics committee approval and informed consent information must be obtained and clearly stated in the manuscript.

4.4.2. Brief reports

Brief reports follow the same general format and guidelines as research articles but focus on small-scale studies or research in early stages of development. They may include preliminary investigations with simple research designs or small sample sizes that provide initial findings and pilot data suggesting the need for further research. Ethics committee approval and informed consent information should also be obtained and clearly stated in the manuscript.

4.4.3. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses

Systematic reviews and meta-analyses should address a clearly defined, relevant, and up-to-date research question within the scope of the journal. Only manuscripts that adhere to recognized methodological standards (such as PRISMA) or registered protocols (e.g., PROSPERO) and demonstrate a systematic approach will be considered for review. Narrative, scoping, or other non-systematic reviews are not accepted. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses should include an abstract, keywords, introduction, methods, discussion, and conclusion, with additional subheadings adapted to the content as appropriate, as well as references and tables or figures.

4.4.4. Letters to the editor

Letters to the Editor are considered only if they do not exceed 750 words, include no subheadings, and contain a maximum of one table or figure (or up to two figures). All letters must begin with “Dear Editor” and, if commenting on previously published articles, be submitted within one month of publication. Letters may also present small-scale research or concise discussions of timely clinical topics.

Case reports are accepted only in the form of a Letter to the Editor and should present unique, informative, and clinically relevant original cases. They must describe novel clinical approaches or techniques, highlight rare comorbidities or uncommon adverse drug reactions, and provide concise, educational insights of clinical value. Written informed consent from the patient must be obtained and clearly stated in the manuscript.

4.4.5. Guest editorials

Guest Editorials are invited opinion articles written by experts or researchers who have made significant contributions to a specific field. These articles aim to evaluate and discuss the current state of knowledge, recent developments, and emerging perspectives on topics relevant to clinical practice. Guest Editorials are accepted by invitation only and are not open to regular submission. Manuscripts should include an introduction and a conclusion, along with any additional subheadings considered appropriate by the author. Guest Editorials are not sent for external peer review; they are evaluated by the Editorial Board before publication.

Table 1. Manuscript types and corresponding word, abstract, reference, and table/figure limits
Type of manuscript	Word limit	Abstract word limit	Reference limit	Table/ Figure limit (total)
Research Article	3500	250 (Structured)	50	6
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses	4000	250	No limit	10
Brief Report	1500	250 (Structured)	15	2
Letter to the Editor	750	No abstract	10	1
Guest Editorial	1200	No abstract	20	2